The Past Perfect Tense And The Past Perfect Continuous Tense

I) The Past Perfect Tense ( thì quá khứ hoàn thành)

a) Cấu Trúc ( Form)

  • Thể khẳng định :  S + had + V3 (past participle )

Ex: She had finished her homework before going to the party.(Cô ấy đã hoàn thành bài tập về nhà trước khi đi dự tiệc.)

He had traveled to several countries before he turned 25. (Anh ấy đã du lịch đến một số nước trước khi tròn 25 tuổi.)

They had eaten breakfast before leaving for the airport.  (Họ đã ăn sáng trước khi ra sân bay.)

He had visited that museum many times before it closed down. (Anh ấy đã thăm bảo tàng đó nhiều lần trước khi nó đóng cửa.)

She had met him once before at a conference. (Cô ấy đã gặp anh ta một lần trước đó tại một hội nghị.)

  • Thể phủ định : S + had not/ hadn’t + V3

Ex: She hadn’t finished her presentation before the meeting started. (Cô ấy không hoàn thành bài thuyết trình trước khi cuộc họp bắt đầu.)

He hadn’t studied Spanish before he moved to Spain. (Anh ấy không học tiếng Tây Ban Nha cho đến khi anh ấy chuyển đến Tây Ban Nha.)

They hadn’t finished their homework by the time the teacher collected it. (Họ chưa hoàn thành bài tập về nhà cho đến khi cô giáo thu bài.)

They hadn’t visited that museum until last year. (Họ không thăm bảo tàng đó cho đến năm ngoái.)

  • Thể nghi vấn:  Had + S + V3?

Ex: Had she ever traveled to Asia before her recent trip? (Cô ấy đã từng du lịch đến châu Á trước chuyến đi gần đây chưa?)

Had they finished their project by the deadline? (Họ đã hoàn thành dự án của họ trước thời hạn chưa?)

Had you met her before the party last night? (Bạn đã gặp cô ấy trước buổi tiệc tối qua chưa?)

Had she read the book before attending the book club meeting?  (Cô ấy đã đọc cuốn sách trước khi tham dự cuộc họp câu lạc bộ sách chưa?)

 

b) Cách dùng ( Usage)

  • Thì quá khứ hoàn thành diễn tả một hành động quá khứ xảy ra trước một thời gian quá khứ hoặc trước một hành động quá khứ khác. (Nếu trong câu có hai hành động quá khứ, hành động nào xảy ra trước ta dùng Past Perfect, hành động nào sau ta dùng Simple Past).

Ex: We had lived in Hue before 1975.

When I got up this morning, my father had already left.

After the children had finished their homework, they went to bed. It was the most difficult question that I had ever known.

  • Hành động đã xảy ra và kéo dài đến một thời điểm nào đó trong quá khứ:

Ex: By the  time I met you I had worked in that company for five years.

II) The Past Perfect Continuous Tense ( Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn ) 

a) Cấu trúc ( Form )

  • Thể khẳng định: S + had + been + V-ing.

Ex:  She was tired because she had been working very hard. ( Cô ấy mệt vì cô ấy đã làm việc rất vất vả)

They had been studying all night before the exam. (Họ đã học suốt đêm trước kỳ thi.)

By the time I arrived, they had been waiting for over an hour. (Khi tôi đến, họ đã đợi hơn một giờ.)

She had been working at the company for five years when she got promoted. (Cô ấy đã làm việc tại công ty trong năm năm trước khi được thăng chức.)

  • Thể phủ định: S + had not / hadn’t + been + V-ing.

Ex: I hadn’t been paying attention ( tôi đã không để ý)

They hadn’t been studying all night before the exam. (Họ không học suốt đêm trước kỳ thi.)

She hadn’t been practicing the piano for hours before the concert. (Cô ấy không tập piano suốt vài giờ trước buổi hòa nhạc.)

  • Thể nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V-ing.

Ex: Was the ground wet ? Had it been raining? ( Đất bị ướt hả? Trời đã mưa phải không? )

Had her friends been waiting for her at the cafe by the time she woke up? (Khi cô ấy thức dậy, bạn bè cô ấy đã đợi cô ấy ở quán cafe chưa?)

Had they been renovating the house for months before they decided to sell it? (Họ đã tu sửa ngôi nhà suốt vài tháng trước khi quyết định bán nó chưa?)

b) Cách dùng ( Usage)

  • Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn diễn tả một hành động quá khứ đã xảy ra và kéo dài liên tục cho đến khi hành động quá khứ thứ hai xảy ra (hành động thứ hai dùng Past Simple). Thường thường khoảng thời gian kéo dài được nêu rõ trong câu.

Ex: The men had been playing cards for 3 hours before I came. ( Những người đàn ông đã chơi bài trong 3 giờ trước khi tôi đến.)

They had been living in London for 10 years when I met them. ( Họ đã sống ở London được 10 năm khi tôi gặp họ.) 

She had been reading a book before she fell asleep. (Cô ấy đã đọc một cuốn sách trước khi ngủ thiếp đi.)

I had been studying for hours before my friends came over. (Tôi đã học suốt vài giờ trước khi bạn tôi đến chơi.)

III) The Past Perfect Tense And The Past Perfect Continuous Tense – Watch Video .

1- Video về dấu hiệu nhận biết và cách dùng của thì QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH và QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN (Cre : 5+English.)

Cre : 5+English.

2- Sự Khác Biệt Giữa quá khứ tiếp diễn và quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn ( Cre: BBC Learning English)

IV) Exercises  of The Past Perfect Tense And The Past Perfect Continuous Tense

 

Results

#1. When I arrived, she __________ (read) a book for three hours.

#2. Before the rain started, I __________ (play) soccer for an hour.

#3. They were exhausted because they __________ (run) a marathon.

#4. I realized that I __________ (make) a mistake.

#5. The team was excited because they __________ (win) the championship.

#6. She __________ (cook) dinner for two hours before the guests came.

#7. He said he __________ (never/be) to Japan before.

#8. Before the storm hit, we __________ (hike) in the mountains all day.

#9. The movie __________ (start) by the time we got to the theater.

#10. When he arrived, the cake __________ (bake) for two hours.

#11. When I saw him, he __________ (paint) the house for a week.

#12. She __________ (talk) on the phone for an hour before it died.

#13. Before they found the treasure, they __________ (search) for weeks.

#14. Before the guests arrived, she __________ (prepare) a delicious meal.

#15. Before he arrived, she __________ (clean) the entire house.

#16. I knew the answer because I __________ (study) all night.

#17. She __________ (not/see) her best friend in years before the reunion.

#18. Before the guests arrived, she __________ (prepare) dinner for hours.

#19. When I arrived, they __________ (wait) for a long time.

#20. Before she fell asleep, she __________ (read) a novel for an hour.

#21. Before the test, he __________ (study) for weeks.

#22. When she arrived at the airport, her luggage __________ (already/arrive).

#23. By the time they arrived at the airport, they __________ (travel) for 12 hours.

#24. She __________ (wait) for him at the cafe for a long time.

#25. By the time I got to the party, they __________ (already/eat) all the cake.

#26. He was exhausted because he __________ (work) on the project all day.

#27. They __________ (not/see) each other for years before they reunited.

#28. They were tired because they __________ (work) all day.

#29. When they arrived, the restaurant __________ (run) out of food.

#30. Before I left, I __________ (read) the book.

#31. She realized that she __________ (lose) her keys.

#32. They were tired because they __________ (dance) all night.

#33. Before the concert, the band __________ (practice) for weeks.

#34. Before they met, she __________ (work) as a teacher for five years.

#35. When we met, they __________ (travel) for two days straight.

#36. By the time I woke up, my roommate __________ (leave).

#37. She __________ (run) for 30 minutes before she got tired.

#38. I __________ (finish) my homework before I went to bed.

#39. By the time they finished the race, they __________ (swim) for hours.

#40. He was tired because he __________ (work) in the garden all day.

#41. When I met him, he __________ (live) in that city for five years.

#42. When they got home, the kids __________ (play) outside for hours.

#43. Before he got his promotion, he __________ (work) hard for years.

#44. The company __________ (lose) a lot of money before they made a profit.

#45. She __________ (not/eat) anything because she had a stomachache.

#46. I was tired because I __________ (drive) all night.

#47. She realized that she __________ (forget) her phone at home.

#48. Before they left, they __________ (clean) the entire house.

#49. When they got to the party, they __________ (dance) for hours.

#50. She was surprised because she __________ (never/visit) that place before.

#51. By the time he arrived, I __________ (wait) for over an hour.

#52. I didn’t want to go out because I __________ (not/finish) my work.

#53. I __________ (study) for the exam all morning before the test.

#54. They were exhausted because they __________ (travel) all day.

#55. They __________ (never/visit) that museum before today.

#56. When I called her, she __________ (watch) TV for a while.

#57. When I saw her, she __________ (already/finish) her project.

#58. By the time they got there, the team __________ (practice) for hours.

#59. Before the storm hit, they __________ (take) shelter.

#60. Before the concert, the band __________ (rehearse) for weeks.

#61. By the time the movie ended, they __________ (fall) asleep.

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